• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The corrosion-resistant brick is a corrosion-resistant brick obtained by forming a capping layer on an Al-Cr based brick, an Al-Mg based target or a Cr-Mg based brick on a brick surface, and heating and melting the magnetite powder to form the respective components of the brick Brick to react with Fe, thereby forming a covering layer which is a ternary oxide of the brick components and Fe and made of a solid spinel solution having a melting point of 1600 ° C or higher.
    公开号:AT513100A2
    申请号:T504242013
    申请日:2013-06-27
    公开日:2014-01-15
    发明作者:Kenichi Yamaguchi；Jusuke Kimura
    申请人:Mitsubishi Materials Corp；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    P13238
    CORROSION-RESISTANT BRICKS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Field of the Invention [0001]
    The present invention relates to a corrosion resistant brick having a long life, which finds brick in, for example, a smelting furnace for nichrome metals, a scrap electronic recycling furnace and the like, and which has excellent corrosion resistance to melt erosion, and a method of manufacturing thereof.
    Claimed priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-147246 filed on Jun. 29, 2012, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
    Description of the Disclosure [0002]
    Magnesia-chromium oxide brick (hereinafter referred to as Cr-Mg-based brick), magnesium-alumina brick (hereinafter referred to as Al-Mg-based brick), alumina-chromium oxide brick (hereinafter written as Al-Cr-based brick) and the like are used in non-ferrous metal smelting furnaces in electric scrap recycling melting furnaces and the like. With the exception of electroformed bricks, these bricks have a high porosity of 2% to 40%. In general, since the bricks are brought into contact with a melt in an oven and subjected to chemical erosion in which the chemical components of the melt are confined within the grain boundaries in the bricks, the degree of chemical erosion is high in bricks of high porosity. For example, SiO 2, FeO, CaO, β 2θ, and the like, which are components of a melt such as slag, enter the grain boundaries in bricks and react with MgO, Oγς 3, Al 2 O 3, and the like, which are the components of the bricks, causing chemical erosion progresses. -
    FOLLOWING M With
    P1323S -2- [0003]
    To prevent chemical erosion, measures have been taken to change the composition of bricks, the state of constituent particles or the manufacturing processes. With respect to alumina-magnesia bricks, a magnesia-spinel refractory is known in which periclase with magnesia crystals has closed pores with a pore diameter of Ιμητ to 5um, the periclase is equal in size, and the percolasic crystal boundaries are composed of spinel phases, the periclase and MgO -AbCb (see Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First Publication No. 200-281429). SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved with the Invention [0004]
    The invention provides a brick in which the chemical erosion inhibited by reaction between brick components and the components in the melt, such as slag, in particular the erosion of slag components in grain boundaries in the brick, is formed by forming a covering layer with specific components on a brick surface the use of a method for adjusting the components of a sail, so that the corrosion resistance is improved.
    Means to solve the problems [0005]
    The invention relates to a corrosion resistant brick comprising the following configuration.
    [1] A corrosion resistant brick includes a main body and a cover layer formed on a surface of the main body, wherein the main body is an Al-Cr based brick, an Al-Mg based brick or a Cr-Mg based brick and the Cover layer a ternary oxide of Fe and each component of the Al-Cr-based
    SUBSEQUENT
    Brick, Al-Mg based brick or Cr-Mg based brick, and the capping layer is made of a solid spinel solution having a melting point of 1600 ° C or higher.
    [2] The corrosion resistant brick according to the above paragraph [1], wherein the covering layer is the spinel solid solution having a melting point of 1600 ° C or higher, which is a ternary oxide layer formed during the manufacture of the brick by applying a layer of magnetite powder a brick surface to be fired, heating and melting the magnetite powder, and reacting the magnetite powder with the components of the brick are obtained.
    [3] The corrosion resistant brick according to the above paragraphs [1] or [2], wherein the covering layer is a solid Al-Cr-Fe oxide solution, a solid Al-Mg-Fe oxide solution or a solid Cr-Mg-Fe oxide solution, and the solid spinel solution having a melting point of 160CTC or higher.
    [0006]
    In addition, the invention relates to a method of producing a corrosion-resistant brick comprising the following configuration.
    [4] A method for producing a corrosion-resistant brick comprises a step of applying a layer of magnetite powder on a surface of a brick to be fired during the manufacture of the brick, wherein the brick comprises any one of an Al-Cr based brick, an Al-Mg based brick and a Cr-Mg-based brick, a step of heating and melting the magnetite powder to the Fe and components of the Al-Cr-based brick, an Al-Mg-based brick, an Al-Mg-based brick or of a Cr-Mg based brick, and a step of forming a covering layer on a surface of a main body in the corrosion resistant brick, the covering layer being formed of a ternary oxide of Fe and the components of the brick and a solid spinel solution having a melting point made of 1600 ° C or higher.
    POSSIBLE -4- [5] The method for producing a corrosion-resistant brick in accordance with the above paragraph [4], wherein a brick to be fired having a layer of magnetite powder formed on the surface is heated to the melting point of magnetite or higher in an inert atmosphere to melt the magnetite powder, and subsequently the atmosphere is changed to an air atmosphere, wherein the brick is heated to react magnetite with the components of the brick to form a capping layer containing a solid Al-Cr-Fe Oxide solution, a solid Al-Mg-Fe oxide solution or a solid Cr-Mg-Fe oxide solution, and a spinel solid solution having a melting point of 1600 ° C or higher, and wherein the atmosphere is subsequently switched to an inert atmosphere and the brick on Room temperature is cooled.
    Effect of the Invention [0007]
    In a furnace, since the corrosion resistant brick of the present invention has the covering layer made of a solid spinel solution of the ternary oxide of the components of the brick and iron on the brick surface, slag components can not easily penetrate into the brick and erosion caused by the reaction between the slag components and the brick components are caused, can be reliably suppressed. Therefore, the corrosion resistance of the brick improves significantly, and a brick having a long life can be obtained.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    FIG. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an erosion test. FIG. Fig. 2 is an EPMA photograph showing a section of a contact area between slag and pellets in the pellets of Example 1. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a contact area A between a spinel solid solution and the slag of FIG. Second
    POSSIBLE REPLACEMENT P13238 ·········································································································. FIG. 4 is an EPMA photograph showing a distribution state of Si obtained by a surface analysis in the region of FIG. 3. FIG Fig. 5 is an EPMA photograph showing a distribution state of Ca obtained by a surface analysis in the region of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is an EPMA photograph showing a section of a contact area between slag and pellets in the pellets 7 is an enlarged view of a contact area B between pellets and slag of FIG 6. FIG. 8 is an EPMA photograph showing a distribution state of Si obtained by surface analysis in a region of FIG FIG.9 is an EPMA photograph showing a distribution state of Ca obtained by a surface analysis was obtained in the range of FIG.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0009]
    In the following, an embodiment for carrying out the invention will be described.
    A corrosion resistant brick of the embodiment is a corrosion resistant brick selected from Al-Cr based brick, Al-Mg based brick or Cr-Mg based brick having a capping layer which is a ternary oxide of components of each of the brick and iron , and which is made of a solid spinel solution having a melting point of 1600 ° C or higher.
    A corrosion resistant brick of the embodiment made using an Al-Cr based brick, an Al-Mg based brick, or a Cr-Mg based brick may include an Al-Cr based brick (a proportion of an Al-Cr -based brick), an Al-Mg based brick (a proportion of an Al-Mg based brick) or a Cr-Mg
    Γ DISPATCH P13238 ♦ * • * • • * * «* • * •« «« «« «« • • • • • • • ·················································································································································································································· · · · Μ I * based bricks (a proportion of Cr-Mg based brick) as a main body and a covering layer formed on a surface of the main body.
    [0010]
    The general amounts of the components of the Al-Cr based brick, the Al-Mg based brick and the Cr-Mg based brick are as follows.
    Al-Cr based brick: Al 2 O 3 (50 wt% to 98 wt%) Cr 2 O 3 (2 wt% to 50 wt%)
    Al-Mg based brick: MgO (50 wt% to 98 wt%) - Al 2 O 3 (2 wt% to 50 wt%)
    Cr-Mg based brick: MgO (40 wt% to 98 wt%) - Cr 2 O 3 (2 wt% to 60 wt%) [0011]
    The corrosion resistant brick of the embodiment can be obtained by applying a layer of magnetite powder on a brick surface of the Al-Cr based brick, the Al-Mg based brick or the Cr-Mg based brick, heating and melting the magnetite powder, and reacting the individual components of the individual components of the brick and iron to be fired are produced during the manufacture of the brick, thereby forming a capping layer which is a ternary oxide of brick components and iron and made of a solid spinel solution having a melting point of 1600 ° C or higher.
    [0012]
    Examples of magnetite powder which can be used as a powder composition having a magnetite composition (Fe 3 U 4) are obtained by mixing hematite powder (FeiOs) and iron powder (Fe), magnetite powder (FesOi), magnetic iron oxide powder and the like.
    POSSIBLE »P13238 ** ·· mm ··« * ···· «· * * ··« · «« * ··· ♦ * «* · · · · mm · * mm mm mm -7- m
    [0013]
    Specifically, the covering layer made of the spinel solid solution may be formed on the brick surface using, for example, the following method. (i) In the manufacture of the brick, magnetite powder (Fe 3 C> 4 powder) is scattered on the surface of the Al-Cr based brick, the Al-Mg based brick or the Cr-Mg based brick which still needs to be fired , whereby a magnetite powder layer is formed on the surface of the brick. (ii) The brick to be fired is placed in a kiln so that the magnetite powder layer is on top, an inert atmosphere (argon, nitrogen, helium or the like) is formed in the furnace and the brick is heated to the melting point of magnetite or higher the magnetite powder is melted. (iii) Next, the atmosphere is changed to an air atmosphere, and the brick is further heated to about 1650 ° C. Molten magnetite is embedded in grain boundaries in the brick from the surface of the brick and reacts with each of the components [magnesia (MgO), chromia (Cr2Ü3) and alumina (Al2O3)] that form the structure of the brick, thereby forming a dense, solid spinel solution becomes.
    [0014]
    The heating temperature in the kiln when the inert atmosphere is maintained in the kiln is preferably 1550 ° C to 1600 ° C. On the other hand, if the air atmosphere in the kiln is maintained, the heating temperature in the kiln is preferably 1600 ° C to 1700 ° C, and preferably 1600 ° C to 1650 ° C.
    [0015]
    For example, the magnetite incorporated into the grain boundaries in the brick reacts with the components of the Al-Cr based brick to form a solid ALOi-CruOs-Fe.sOi spinel solution. In addition, the magnetite reacts with the components of the Al-Mg based brick to form a solid AkOa-MgO-FeaOi spinel solution. Additionally rea-
    POSSIBLE P13238 P13238 • Φ · • φ φ φ φ «φ φ · φ φφ ♦ * * * * · ···· ······ * · ** ♦« · «*» * · * · * * · · T ·· *
    The magnetite gasses with the components of the Cr-Mg based brick to form a solid CftCb-MgO-Fe3 <I) 4 spinel solution.
    [0016]
    The solid solutions of the components of the brick and Fe (solid AhOs-C ^ Qr Fe304 spinel solution, solid AlaCVMgO-FesCU spinel solution and solid C ^ Cb-MgO-FesCb spinel solution) have different melting points corresponding to the amounts of Al2O3, Cr203, Fe304 and MgO , Therefore, the spinel solid solution formed of the ternary oxide of the components of individual bricks and Fe and having a melting point of 1600 ° C or higher is formed by adjusting the amount of magnetite and the heating conditions according to the amount of the respective brick components.
    [0017]
    The temperature of the molten slag of a non-ferrous metal such as lead or copper placed in contact with the bricks in the furnace is generally from 1000 ° C to 1300 ° C. In addition, the melting points of the spinel solid ternary solution (Al 2 O 3-Cr 2 O 3 Fe304 spinel solution, AhOs-MgO-FeaOi spinel solid solution and Cr 2 O 3-MgO-Fe 3 O 4 spinel solution) are all 1600 ° C or higher. Therefore, the spinel solid solution is not melted and peeled off the surface of the brick due to the mechanical pressure of the molten slag when the covering layer of the spinel solid solution is brought into contact with the molten slag.
    [0018]
    Since the solid spinel solution formed of the ternary oxide of the brick components and Fe is a dense solid solution having a spinel structure, it is reliably possible that when the solid spinel solution on the surface of the brick is tiled, the slag components (SiO 2, FeO, CaO, Na 2 O, and the like) to penetrate the grain boundaries of the brick and prevent the dissolution of the brick components (MgO, G 2 O 3, Al 2 O 3 and Ahrüiches).
    SUBSEQUENT
    PI3238 PI3238
    • • • • * • «• ta« «·· 99 99 -9- • ·« • · · ··· Μ
    The thickness of the cap layer made of the spinel solid solution and formed on the brick surface may preferably be in a range of 0.5 mm to 100 mm (about 0.1% to 25% of a brick thickness) on the brick surface, and more preferably in a range of 20 mm to 60 mm (approximately 5% to 15% of the brick thickness) on the brick surface.
    EXAMPLES
    [0020]
    Examples of the invention will be described below together with comparative examples.
    In the Examples and Comparative Examples, the cross-sectional photographs of pellets and slag are EPMA photographs, and BEI in the photographs is the abbreviation for BACKSCATTERED ELECTRON IMAGE. In a surface analysis of elements using ΕΡΜΑ, a larger white content in the distribution of Si or Ca in the photograph indicates the distribution of a larger amount of the corresponding element. Element-free sections appear black.
    [00211 [Example 1: Al-Cr based brick]
    Corrosion-resistant Al-Cr based brick pellets 1 having a capping layer made of a solid Al 2 O 3 Cr 2 O 3 Fe 3 O 4 spinel solution on the surfaces were prepared in the following order.
    SUBJECT P13238 Μ · * * 9 • · * · • 9 99 Μ 99 999 # 9 • 9 9 • 99 9 • 9 9 9 V • 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 Μ 9 • ··· • · · · · · (Ii) Paper about 1 cm wide was wound on a side surface of the pellet 1, and an upper portion of the paper was allowed to protrude over an upper pellet end face to envelop the upper pellet end surface (iii In addition, hematite powder (Fe2Ü3) and iron powder (Fe) were mixed to prepare a powder composition having a magnetite composition (FesOi). (iv) The powder mixture (0.13 g) having a magnetite (FeOiO) composition was evenly distributed and deposited on the upper end surface of the pellet 1 surrounded with the paper. (v) The pellets 1 having the powder mixture having a magnetite composition dispersed on the upper end surface was placed in a magnesia crucible and charged into an electric furnace, initially heated to 1550 ° C in an argon gas stream, the magnetite powder mixture (FcsOi) composition was melted, then the stream was switched to an air stream, the pellets were heated to 1650oC and held for about 1 hour. Thereafter, the heating was stopped, the stream was switched back to an argon gas stream, the pellets were cooled to room temperature and removed from the electric furnace.
    [Example 2: Al-Mg based brick] (i) Magnesium oxide powder (MgO) and alumina powder (Al 2 O 3) were mixed in a weight ratio of 85:15, the powder mixture (1.3 g) was put in a mold ( Diameter: 12 mm), and pressed at a pressure of about 3 T / cm 2, whereby the pellets 2 (MgO-Al 2 O 3 brick sample) were obtained.
    Then, the treatments (ii) to (v) were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, whereby corrosion resistant Al-Mg based brick pellets 2 having a covering layer made of a solid AbCVMgO-FeaQi spinel solution on the surfaces were prepared.
    [0023] PI3238 ·····················································································································. [Example 3: Mg-Cr Based Brick] (i) Magnesium oxide powder (MgO) and chromium oxide powder (CX2O3) were mixed in a weight ratio of 80:20 , the powder mixture (1.3 g) was placed in a mold (diameter: 12 mm) and pressed at a pressure of about 3 T / cm 2, whereby the pellets 3 (MgOC.sub.x brick) were obtained.
    Then, the treatments (ii) to (v) were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, whereby corrosion-resistant Mg-Cr based brick pellets 3 having a capping layer made of a MgO-C ^QrFeaCh spinel solid solution were prepared on the surfaces.
    [0024]
    The brick pellets 1 to 3 all had traces of black magnetite that had melted and penetrated the pellets and remained on surfaces on which magnetite was scattered and deposited, and it could be confirmed that when the brick pellets were brought near a magnet , the brick pellets were attracted, so that the magnetite was melted and penetrated into the pellets.
    [Comparative Examples]
    To Example 1, the treatments (ii) to (v) were not carried out after the pellets were prepared using (i) above, and instead, the pellets were fired at 1650 ° C for 1 hour, whereby Al-Cr based Brick pellets Bl were prepared without a covering layer, which were used as a comparative sample.
    For Example 2, the treatments (ii) to (v) were not carried out after the pellets were prepared using (i) above, and instead the pellets were fired at 1650 ° C for 1 hour, whereby Al-Mg based Brick pellets B2 were produced without a covering layer, which were used as a comparative sample.
    SUBSEQUENT
    For Example 3, the treatments (ii) to (v) were not carried out after the pellets were prepared using (i) above, and instead the pellets were fired at 1650 ° C for 1 hour, whereby Mg-Cr based Brick pellets B3 were prepared without a covering layer, which were used as a comparative sample.
    [Erosion test]
    The corrosion-resistant brick pellets 1 to 3 prepared in Examples 1 to 3 were installed on the slag surfaces in magnesium oxide crucibles so that the cladding layers with the slag as shown in FIG. 1 were kept in contact and were kept at a temperature of 1300 ° C for 24 hours in an argon gas atmosphere. As comparative examples, the surfaces of the brick pellets Bl to B3, which have no covering layer, were brought into contact with slag under the same conditions. After the holding time, the slag and the PeUets in each melting gel were cut and the state of the contact area between the slag and the pellets was observed. The composition of the slag is described in Table 1. The results obtained are shown in FIGS. 2 to 9 and shown in Table 2.
    [Table 1]
    Components S1O2 FeO Al2O3 CaO MgO Na20 Total Composition (wt%) 48 13 22 9 3 3 100 FIG. 2 shows the cross section (EPMA photograph) of the contact area between the slag and the pellet in the corrosion resistant pellets 1, FIG. which were prepared in Example 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a region A in contact with the slag of the spinel solid solution FIG. 2 was brought. In addition, FIG. 4 the Vertei-_
    POSSIBLE state of Si in the area of FIG. 3, obtained using a surface analysis, and FIG. 5 shows the distribution state of Ca in the region of FIG. 3, obtained using a surface analysis. 100291 FIG. Fig. 6 shows the cross section (EPMA photograph) of the contact area between the slag and the pellet in the corrosion resistant pellets Bl prepared in Comparative Example. FIG. FIG. 7 shows an enlarged view of a region B in contact with the slag of the spinel solid solution in FIG. 6 was brought. In addition, FIG. 8 shows the distribution state of Si in the region of FIG. 7, obtained using a surface analysis, and FIG. 9 shows the distribution state of Ca in the region of FIG. 7, obtained using a surface analysis.
    [0030]
    In the corrosion-resistant brick pellets 1 which have no covering layer according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5 shown in the region in contact with the slag of the spinel solid solution as shown in FIG. 3, Si is not in the range of the spinel solid solution as shown in FIG. 4 and Ca was also not distributed in the region and Ca was not in the range of the spinel solid solution as shown in FIG. 5 shown distributed. The Si and the Ca are the components of the slag and thus it could be found that the slag components do not penetrate in the area of the solid spinel solution. The same conditions were also found for the corrosion resistant pellets 2 and 3 according to the invention. The observed results are described in Table 2.
    [0031]
    On the other hand, in the pellets Bl of the comparative example having no covering layer, in the region filled with the slag of the spinel solid solution as shown in FIG. 7, Si in the region of the pellets as shown in FIG. 8 and Ca was also in the range of pellets as shown in FIG. 9 and the pellets were eroded by the slag components. The same conditions were also observed for pellets B2 and B3
    POSSIBLE PI3238 PI3238 • * * * • * * «« * * ♦ «· Μ ·················································································· · -14- found the reference samples. The observed results are summarized and described in Table 2.
    [00321 [Table 2]
    Brick composition Coating layer Penetration state Pellets 1 Al (65 wt%) -Cr (35 wt%) Al 2 O 3 Cr 2 O 3 Fe 3 O 4 no Pellets 2 Mg (85 wt%) Al (15 wt%) AbOa MgO -FesOi no Pellets 3 Mg (80 wt.%) -Cr (20 wt.%) Mg0-Cr203-Fe304 no Pellets Bl Al (65 wt.%) - Cr (35 wt.%) No yes pellets B2 Mg (85 wt.%) - Al (15 wt.%) None Yes Pellets B3 Mg (80 wt.%) - Cr (20 wt.%) None Yes (Notes) Pellets are 1 to 3 Examples, and the pellets Bl to B3 are comparative examples.
    [0033]
    Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described and illustrated above, it should be understood that they are to be construed as illustrative of the invention and not as limiting. Additions, omissions, substitutions and
    FOLLOW-UP P13238 ·········································· Other changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the invention is not to be considered limited by the foregoing description and is limited only by the scope of the appended claims.
    SUBSEQUENT
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    P1323S P1323S •••••••••••••••••••• •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• non-corrosive brick, comprising: a main body and a cover layer formed on a surface of the main body, wherein the main body is an Al-Cr based brick, an Al-Mg based brick, or a Cr-Mg based brick, wherein the capping layer comprises ternary oxide of Fe and each component of Al-Cr based brick, Al-Mg based brick or Cr-Mg based brick, and wherein the capping layer is made of a spinel solid solution having a melting point of 1600 ° C or higher ,
    [2]
    2. The corrosion resistant brick according to claim 1, wherein the covering layer is the spinel solid solution having a melting point of 1600 ° C or higher, which is a ternary oxide layer formed during the manufacture of the brick by applying a layer of magnetite powder on a brick surface is to be obtained, heating and melting of the magnetite powder and reacting the magnetite powder with the components of the brick.
    [3]
    3. The corrosion resistant brick according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the covering layer is a solid Al-Cr-Fe oxide solution, a solid Al-Mg-Fe oxide solution or a solid Cr-Mg-Fe oxide solution, and the solid spinel solution having a melting point of 1,600 ° C or higher.
    [4]
    A method of making a corrosion-resistant brick, comprising: a step of applying a layer of magnetite powder to a surface of a brick to be fired during the manufacture of the brick, wherein the brick is one of an Al-Cr based brick; An Al-Mg based brick and a Cr-Mg based brick include a step of heating and melting the magnetite powder to form the Fe and components of the Al-Cr based brick, an Al-Mg based brick, an Al-Mg base brick or a Cr-Mg based brick and a step of forming a covering layer on a surface of a main body in the corrosion resistant brick, wherein the covering layer is formed of a ternary oxide of Fe and the components of the brick and a solid Spinel solution is made with a melting point of 1600 ° C or higher.
    [5]
    A method for producing a corrosion resistant brick according to claim 4, wherein a brick to be fired having a layer of magnetite powder formed on the surface is heated to the melting point of magnetite or higher in an inert atmosphere to melt the magnetite powder, in sequence the atmosphere is switched to an air atmosphere, wherein the brick is heated to react magnetite with the components of the brick to form a capping layer comprising a solid Al-Cr-Fe oxide solution, a solid Al-Mg-Fe oxide solution or is a solid Cr-Mg-Fe oxide solution and a spinel solid solution having a melting point of 1600 ° C or higher, and as a result, the atmosphere is subsequently switched to an inert atmosphere and the brick is cooled to room temperature. SUBSEQUENT
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20140004382A1|2014-01-02|
    JP2014028742A|2014-02-13|
    AT513100A3|2017-04-15|
    CN103508741A|2014-01-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP3613716A1|2018-08-21|2020-02-26|Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG|Refractory product, batch for producing the product, process for producing the product and use of the product|GB880060A|1960-02-22|1961-10-18|Mineralimpex Magyar Olaj Es Ba|Improvements in or relating to refractory bricks|
    US4400431A|1980-09-04|1983-08-23|The Dow Chemical Company|Magnesium aluminum spinels|
    US5171724A|1990-06-11|1992-12-15|Shinagawa Refractories Co., Ltd.|Magnesia-alumina type spinel clinker and method of producing refractory by using same|
    CA2113396A1|1993-08-30|1995-03-01|Etsuji Kimura|Basicity-resistant refractory|
    US20090188347A1|2007-03-07|2009-07-30|General Electric Company|Treated refractory material and methods of making|TWI582520B|2015-12-18|2017-05-11|中強光電股份有限公司|Wavelength conversion device and projector|
    CN108383506A|2018-03-12|2018-08-10|海城利尔麦格西塔材料有限公司|A kind of preparation method of magnesium Cr-Zr brick|
    法律状态:
    2017-11-15| REJ| Rejection|Effective date: 20171115 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    JP2012147246|2012-06-29|
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